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TOP, TOP Financial Group Limited
Revenue is led by Futures brokerage commissions (39%) and Interest income from loan business (20%), with 5 more lines behind.
The business
What it sells, where the money comes from, the kind of company it is.
The business in brief
read the 10-K →What this business is and what moves its needle, from its own SEC filings.
- What it is
- An exchange, a toll booth on trading and the market data that trading generates.
- Situation
- Unprofitable. No meaningful revenue yet; the record is the cash on hand against the burn.
- What moves the needle
- Trading volume and the data franchise. What decides it: volumes across its markets, which spike when volatility does; the network economics of a deep liquidity pool rivals cannot easily replicate; and the recurring, high-margin market-data and listing fees layered on top. On its own account, the filing leans hardest on customer concentration, set against the numbers in what the filing emphasizes, below.
Every line is arithmetic on the company's filings, shown in full in the sections below.
Where the money comes from
read the 10-K →Revenue spreads across 7 lines, the largest Futures brokerage commissions at 39%.
- Futures brokerage commissions39%$2M
- Interest income from loan business20%$953K
- Interest income and other9%$440K
- Other service revenues9%$415K
- Trading gains (losses)9%$403K
- Virtual asset brokerage commissions8%$389K
- Trading solution service revenues6%$290K
From the segment footnote of the company's own 10-K. Shares are of total revenue; the profit bar shows each segment's share of segment operating profit, before unallocated corporate costs.
The record
Ten years of arithmetic, read across the cycle.
Revenue down 19.3% year over year; operating income down 550.0%
figures computed from the filing's XBRL
Quality & stewardship
Returns, the balance sheet, capital allocation, and pay.
Owner’s Scorecard
“We have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting.”
The figures below are only as sound as the controls that produced them. read the note →
Is it a good business?
- Operating margin −24.9%Thin for a fee businessOperating income ($1M) ÷ revenue $5MIndustry peers: median 12%
In the filing’s words The filing discloses a material weakness in its financial controls — the reported numbers here, and the record built on them, are only as reliable as the controls that produced them.
What this means
The heart of a exchange: how much of each fee dollar survives the cost of running the business. Revenue is a toll on trading volume plus the recurring market-data and listing fees the venue generates, protected by the network economics of a deep liquidity pool that rivals cannot easily replicate. A high margin held for years, through a market it does not control, is the operational mark of a real franchise.
- Net margin −24.8%SlimNet income ($1M) ÷ revenue $5M
What this means
What reaches the owner after tax and interest. For a capital-light fee business this should be a wide share of revenue; when it is thin despite a high operating margin, debt taken on for acquisitions is usually the reason, so read it next to the balance sheet.
- Return on equity −3%Below the cost of equityNet income ($1M) ÷ equity $34MIndustry peers: median -10%
What this means
Because the business ties up little capital, a healthy fee stream throws off a high return on the equity behind it. Read it with the buyback record: returning capital lifts this ratio honestly, but heavy debt taken to do so can flatter it.
All figures as filed; the source filing is linked above.
Management, ownership & pay
From the proxy: how much of the business the people running it own, and how they are paid.
- Stock-based compensation$60K
The slice of the business handed to employees in shares in fiscal 2026, 1.3% of revenue. Buffett's oldest accounting fight: this is compensation, compensation is an expense, real whether or not the headline earnings admit it. One trap: the cash-flow statement adds SBC back, so the operating cash, and the owner earnings drawn from it, are flattered by exactly this amount; counted as the cost it is, what an owner keeps is lower.
What an owner would ask, FY2026
read the 10-K →- How much of the revenue rides on one buyer?≈$2M · 47% of revenue on the largest customers (TTM)
“Our top five customers accounted for 47% and 49% of our total revenues for the years ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.”verify →
The questions the record and the charts do not answer on their own; each carries the figure and the place to look.
Peers, Capital Markets & Asset Management
The same industry, side by side on fee margins. Each column names the period it is read over, and a median resting on fewer than three years carries that count beside it; the group median at the foot is the line to read each figure against.
| Company | Revenuelatest FY, USD | Op. marginmedian over the record | Net marginmedian over the record | ROEmedian over the record |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANTAAntalpha Platform Holding Company | $80M | 6.7% | 9.3% | 15%2y |
| VALUValue Line Inc. | $33M | 18.1% | 48.1% | 26% |
| AXGSolowin Holdings Class A Ordinary Share | $28M | 55.8% | -162.9% | -51% |
| WTFWaton Financial Limited | $11M | -50.9% | -55.9% | -24% |
| GSIWGarden Stage Limited | $7M | — | -79.0% | -57% |
| TOPTOP Financial Group Limited | $5M | -99.9%2y | -102.0%2y | -10%2y |
| PLUTPlutus Financial Group Limited | $1M | -53.7% | -42.0% | -10% |
| VINPVinci Compass Investments Ltd. Class A | as filed: R$118M | 159.7%1y | 100.0%1y | 16% |
| Group median | — | 6.7% | -49.0% | -10% |
The price
What a price has to assume.
What the price implies
reverse-DCFType today's close and see the owner-earnings growth you'd have to believe to justify it, beside what TOP Financial Group Limited has delivered.
—
9.0% = the 4.65% 10-year Treasury (Aug 19, 2026) + 4.35 points of equity premium. The rate you require is yours to set.
Enter a price above to run it.
A dated snapshot of the price you typed, the assumptions you set, and what the page showed for them. A snapshot is never edited after it is saved. Your notebook is yours alone — the commitment states what is stored and what we will never do.
Graham capped the multiple at 15×; Buffett and Munger let that rule go: a wonderful business can deserve 50× if the thesis holds. The gate marks the bargain-hunter's floor.
Prefilled with the 10-year Treasury (4.65%, as of Aug 19, 2026). Edit it for today’s exact figure, or a AAA corporate yield.
Graham measured a stock against the bond you could own instead, the heart of his margin of safety. Enter a price above to weigh the owner-earnings yield against this bond.
Free cash flow $12M on 7M shares outstanding (a weighted basic average, the only count this filer tags); net cash $10M. The base is the latest year by default; Normalize values it on the through-cycle median owner-earnings margin (to avoid paying on a peak year). Net of stock comp treats option pay as the expense it is. Capex ($900K) runs well above depreciation ($86K), so this is a build-out; Steady-state swaps total capex for maintenance (≈ depreciation), lifting the base to about $13M, the cash it would throw off if it stopped expanding. The dials set the multiple a growth belief justifies; the price, and every dollar on this page, is yours.
Manual order: ← TOL its page in the Manual TOST →
Industry order: ← TIGR the Capital Markets & Asset Management chapter TPG →